1. What, in general, do both organizations say about altering the content or truth of a photograph?
in general they both say that altering a photo is wrong. the amount to which it becomes wrong is where they begin to differ.

2. What specific techniques do both organizations say are at times permissible?
they basicly say "The film or digital image captured by the camera can be computer-enhanced only for the purpose of producing the closest possible likeness of what the photographer actually saw." Such as "burning, dodging, toning and cropping are acceptable."

3. For what reasons do both organizations give as valid reasons for slightly altering photos?
Associated Press says "Retouching is limited to removal of normal scratches and dust spots."
while Austin American Statesman says- "We do not digitally alter photographs by adding or removing content.Traditional darkroom techniques such as lightening or darkening...for legibility or emphasis are allowed"